Monday, 27 May 2024

A puzzle from my childhood

I've reconstructed a puzzle which I remember being amused by when I came across it in a school textbook.

We expect that if you add a quantity to itself, and then take half of the result, you get the origal quantity.  That doesn't happen here.

Background: Imperial measurements. One rod (or perch) is 5.5 yards. 1 chain is 4 perches or 22 yards.  1 furlong is 10 chains or 220 yards  One mile is 8 furlongs or 1760 yards.   

Now. let's start with a distance of 1 mile, 7 furlongs, 9 chains, 3 rods and 7 yards,  Let's add this to itself.  

        

Handwritten calculation

            1    7    9    3    7

    +    1    7    9     3    7

    =    4    0    0    0    3   which when we divide by 2 gives

          2    0    0    0    1.5

So the sum is four miles and 3 yards, and if we divide this by two, we get 2 miles 0 furlongs 0 chains 0 rods and 1.5 yards - not what we started with!  Can you explain?

(The addition, in detail, from the right)

7 yards plus 7 yards is 14 yards which is 2 rods plus 3 yards,

3 rods plus 3 rods plus 2 rods (carried) is 8 rods which is 2 chains plus 0 rods,

9 chains + 9 chains plus 2 chains(carried) is 20 chains = 2 furlongs 0 chains,

7 furlongs + 7 furlongs plus 2 furlongs (carried) is 16 furlongs = 2 miles 0 furlongs

1 mile + 1 mile plus 2 miles (carried) is 4 miles.